Publications

@article{ISI:000644468500014,

title = {A FOUR-FIELD MIXED FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR BIOT'S CONSOLIDATION 

 PROBLEMS},

author = {Wenya Qi and Padmanabhan Seshaiyer and Junping Wang},

doi = {10.3934/era.2020127},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-08-01},

journal = {ELECTRONIC RESEARCH ARCHIVE},

volume = {29},

number = {3},

pages = {2517-2532},

abstract = {This article presents a four-field mixed finite element method for 

 Biot's consolidation problems, where the four fields include the 

 displacement, total stress, flux and pressure for the porous medium 

 component of the modeling system. The mixed finite element method 

 involving Raviart-Thomas element is used for the fluid flow equation, 

 while the Crank-Nicolson scheme is employed for the time discretization. 

 The main contribution of this work is the derivation of the optimal 

 order error estimates for semi-discrete and fully-discrete schemes for 

 the unknowns in energy norm or L-2 norm. Numerical experiments are 

 presented to validate the theoretical results.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000659186200003,

title = {Characteristics of vegetation response to drought in the CONUS based on 

 long-term remote sensing and meteorological data},

author = {Shaobo Zhong and Ziheng Sun and Liping Di},

doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107767},

issn = {1470-160X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-08-01},

journal = {ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS},

volume = {127},

abstract = {Drought is one of the billion-dollar natural disasters and hard to trace 

 and measure. In recent years drought monitoring becomes much easier with 

 remote sensing. However, it is still difficult to pin vegetation 

 variances on drought because of the delay of the caused vegetation 

 stress. To assess vegetative drought, it is important to first 

 understand the relationship between meteorological condition and 

 vegetation condition, and measure the vegetation responses to 

 meteorological drought. It would be very helpful for effective early 

 warning about agricultural drought. This study uses the CONUS as the 

 study area, and utilizes remote sensing products such as NDVI/VCI 

 (normalized difference vegetation index/vegetation condition index) and 

 SPI/SPEI (standardized precipitation index/standardized precipitation 

 evapotranspiration index) to give a comparative evaluation to the 

 vegetation's drought response. The used vegetation products and 

 meteorological data are ensured to be consistent. The scale and lag of 

 vegetation response to drought for various vegetation types and aridity 

 levels were thoroughly investigated. The results show that: The AVHRR 

 and MODIS NDVI series pairs and the meteorological drought index series 

 pairs (SPEI and SPI) have fairly good consistencies. Among them, 69.5% 

 and 84% have rho (correlation coefficient) values greater than 0.8 

 respectively. For the NDVI series pairs, the maximum rho value is 0.98, 

 the minimum rho value is -0.47, and the mean rho value is 0.79, which 

 are 0.97, 0.68, and 0.87 respectively for the meteorological index 

 series pairs. Compared to rho values of the meteorological index series 

 pairs, the rho values of the NDVI series pairs have more outliers 

 indicating instability. The correlation between SPEI and VCI 

 significantly relies on time lags and has high spatial inhomogeneity. 1- 

 and 2-month lags of SPEI have more significant positive correlation with 

 VCI in Arid, Semi-Arid and Dry sub-humid areas of central west CONUS 

 with less precipitation and lower temperature. For various time scales 

 (time scale is SPEI reference range), the most significant positive 

 correlation between SPEI and VCI happens in the time scales of 6- to 

 12month in summer, the time scales of 3- and 6-month in spring and 

 autumn, and the time scales of 2- and 3month in winter regardless of 

 time lags. Despite of the different vegetation types and aridity levels, 

 the maximum correlations between SPEI and VCI are observed in Hyper arid 

 regions in January, Arid regions in April, Semi-arid regions in July, 

 and Dry sub-humid regions in October. Shrub has prominent responses in 

 January and April, grass responses appear in July and October, and 

 Evergreen forest shows least responses in all seasons. The results add 

 more insights of the connection between vegetation and climate, and 

 guide the development of new technology leveraging remote sensing data 

 for vegetation drought monitoring and earlywarning. The results are also 

 helpful to provide important references for studying large-scale 

 physiological and phenological properties of the vegetation under 

 different climate conditions.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000637273200001,

title = {Going Virtual: The Impact of COVID-19 on Internships in Tourism, Events, 

 and Hospitality Education},

author = {Minkyung Park and Tina Jones},

doi = {10.1080/10963758.2021.1907198, Early Access Date = APR 2021},

issn = {1096-3758},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-07-01},

journal = {JOURNAL OF HOSPITALITY \& TOURISM EDUCATION},

volume = {33},

number = {3, SI},

pages = {176-193},

abstract = {This study explored virtual internship practices and the adaptation to 

 changes brought by the current COVID-19 pandemic crisis by interviewing 

 a small group of interns and site supervisors to understand how virtual 

 internships were practiced in the wake of COVID-19. The findings of the 

 study provided several insights into virtual internships. Overall, just 

 like the conventional fieldwork, well-planned and designed virtual 

 internships could be an empowering learning experience that allows 

 students to capitalize on the practical strengths while applying 

 classroom learning experiences to actual management situations. The 

 study also discussed the advantages and challenges of virtual 

 internships perceived by the student interns. The implications of the 

 study and suggestions for future research were addressed.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000627018400001,

title = {Predictive analytics for water main breaks using spatiotemporal data},

author = {Babak Aslani and Shima Mohebbi and Hana Axthelm},

doi = {10.1080/1573062X.2021.1893363, Early Access Date = MAR 2021},

issn = {1573-062X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-07-01},

journal = {URBAN WATER JOURNAL},

volume = {18},

number = {6},

pages = {433-448},

abstract = {Water main breaks are a common recurring problem in water distribution 

 networks, resulting in cascading effects in the whole system and the 

 interconnected infrastructures such as transportation. Having integrated 

 the physical features of pipes such as diameter and environmental 

 factors like precipitation, we propose predictive models based on 

 spatiotemporal data and machine learning methods. In this study, the 

 dataset is the main breaks recorded from 2015 to 2020 in the city of 

 Tampa, Florida. First, a spatial clustering is conducted to identify 

 vulnerable areas to breaks. A time series analysis is also carried out 

 for the temporal data. The result of these analyses informed the machine 

 learning algorithms as independent variables. We then compared the 

 predictive models based on information-based and rank-based criteria. 

 Obtained results indicated that Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) model was 

 superior to the others. Finally, we present predicted normalized failure 

 rates for the water distribution network to inform rehabilitation and 

 fortification decisions at the municipality level.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000605692500001,

title = {Categorizing Professionals' Perspectives on Environmental Communication 

 with Implications for Graduate Education},

author = {Karen L Akerlof and Taryn Bromser-Kloeden and Kristin Timm and Katherine E Rowan and James L Olds and Chris Clarke and Elizabeth Ban Rohring and Emily Therese Cloyd and K Curran and Elizabeth C Duesterhoeft and Mahmud Farooque and Erica Goldman and Lisa Gring-Pemble and Stephanie E Hampton and Sojung Claire Kim and John Kotcher and Darren Milligan and Carlos L Munoz Brenes and Cynthia Sandoval and Dann Sklarew and Cynthia Smith and Elizabeth Suhay and David Tomblin and Crystal Upperman and Andrew Wingfield and Xiaoquan Zhao},

doi = {10.1080/17524032.2020.1862890, Early Access Date = JAN 2021},

issn = {1752-4032},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-01},

journal = {ENVIRONMENTAL COMMUNICATION-A JOURNAL OF NATURE AND CULTURE},

volume = {15},

number = {4},

pages = {447-464},

abstract = {The study of environmental communication originated as a diverse 

 multidisciplinary field encompassing a wide array of communicator 

 perspectives. However, as the field evolved, mass media and journalism 

 became its perceived scholarly focus. As a result, environmental 

 communication processes may be less well-understood across other 

 settings, such as scientific and research institutions, non-governmental 

 organizations, and federal agencies. To understand how communicators 

 describe their goals, ethics, and strategies within these contexts, we 

 conducted a three-part study of researchers and practitioners working on 

 environmental issues in the Washington, DC, region between October 2019 

 and January 2020. Employing Q methodology, we identified four distinct 

 perspectives: capacity-builders, translators, policy and 

 decision-supporters, and cultural changemakers. Each of these 

 perspectives is associated with a different range of goals, ethics, and 

 strategic approaches. We describe graduate educational competencies for 

 each of the perspectives and discuss implications for the design of 

 communication research to meet practitioners' needs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000599436800001,

title = {Finite element method with the total stress variable for Biot's 

 consolidation model},

author = {Wenya Qi and Padmanabhan Seshaiyer and Junping Wang},

doi = {10.1002/num.22721, Early Access Date = DEC 2020},

issn = {0749-159X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-01},

journal = {NUMERICAL METHODS FOR PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS},

volume = {37},

number = {3},

pages = {2409-2428},

abstract = {In this work, semi-discrete and fully discrete error estimates are 

 derived for the Biot's consolidation model described using a three-field 

 finite element formulation. These fields include displacements, total 

 stress and pressure. The model is implemented using a backward Euler 

 discretization in time for the fully discrete scheme and validated for 

 benchmark examples. Computational experiments are presented to verify 

 the convergence orders for two finite elements with discontinuous and 

 continuous approximations for the total stress.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000654970900001,

title = {Food Environment in and around Primary School Children's Schools and 

 Neighborhoods in Two Urban Settings in Kenya},

author = {Constance Awuor Gewa and Agatha Christine Onyango and Rose Okoyo Opiyo and Lawrence Cheskin and Joel Gittelsohn},

doi = {10.3390/ijerph18105136},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-01},

journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH},

volume = {18},

number = {10},

abstract = {We conducted a cross-sectional study to provide an overview primary 

 school children food environment in two urban settings in Kenya. Six 

 schools, catering to children from low-, medium- and high-income 

 households in the cities of Nairobi and Kisumu in Kenya, participated in 

 the study. Data on types of food places and foods offered were collected 

 and healthy and unhealthy food availability scores calculated for each 

 place. We utilized prevalence ratio analysis to examine associations 

 between food availability, food place characteristics and neighborhood 

 income levels. Altogether, 508 food places, located within 1 km of the 

 schools and the school children's neighborhoods were observed. Open-air 

 market sellers and kiosks were most common. The proportion of food 

 places with high healthy food availability was 2.2 times greater among 

 food places in Nairobi compared to Kisumu, 1.9 times greater in food 

 places with multiple cashpoints, 1.7 times greater in medium/large sized 

 food places and 1.4 times greater in food places located in high income 

 neighborhoods. These findings highlight differences in availability of 

 healthy foods and unhealthy foods across types of food places and 

 neighborhood income levels and inform public health interventions aimed 

 at promoting healthy food environments in Kenya.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000647799000005,

title = {Use of trihalomethanes as a surrogate for haloacetonitrile exposure 

 introduces misclassification bias},

author = {Kirin E Furst and Jose Bolorinos and William A Mitch},

doi = {10.1016/j.wroa.2021.100089},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-01},

journal = {WATER RESEARCH X},

volume = {11},

abstract = {Epidemiologists have used trihalomethanes (THMs) as a surrogate for 

 overall disinfection byproduct (DBP) exposure based on the assumption 

 that THM concentrations are proportional to concentrations of other DBP 

 classes. Toxicological evidence indicates THMs are less potent toxins 

 than unregulated classes like haloacetonitriles (HANs). If THMs are not 

 proportional to the DBPs driving toxicity, the use of THMs to measure 

 exposure may introduce non-trivial exposure misclassification bias in 

 epidemiologic studies. This study developed statistical models to 

 evaluate the covariance and proportionality of HAN and THM 

 concentrations in a dataset featuring over 9500 measurements from 248 

 public water systems. THMs only explain-30% of the variance in HANs, 

 whether the data is pooled in a classic linear regression or 

 hierarchically grouped by water system in a multilevel linear 

 regression. The 95% prediction interval on HANs for the median THM 

 concentration exceeds the interquartile range of HANs. Mean HAN:THM 

 ratios range from -2.4% to-80% across water systems, and varied with 

 source water category, season, disinfectant sequence and distribution 

 system location. The HAN:THM ratio was 265% higher in groundwater 

 systems than in surface water systems and declined by-40% between 

 finished effluent and maximum residence times in surface water systems 

 with chlorine-chlorine disinfection. A maximum likelihood approach was 

 used to estimate the misclassification bias that may result from using 

 THMs to construct risk-ratios, assuming that HANs represent the 

 ``true'' DBP exposure risk. The results indicate an odds ratio of -2 

 estimated with THM concentrations could correspond to a true odds ratio 

 of 4-5. These findings demonstrate the need for epidemiologic studies to 

 evaluate exposure by measuring DBPs that are likely to drive toxicity. 

 (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000654574000001,

title = {Identification of the SHREK Family of Proteins as Broad-Spectrum Host 

 Antiviral Factors},

author = {Deemah Dabbagh and Sijia He and Brian Hetrick and Linda Chilin and Ali Andalibi and Yuntao Wu},

doi = {10.3390/v13050832},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-01},

journal = {VIRUSES-BASEL},

volume = {13},

number = {5},

abstract = {Mucins and mucin-like molecules are highly glycosylated, 

 high-molecular-weight cell surface proteins that possess a semi-rigid 

 and highly extended extracellular domain. P-selectin glycoprotein 

 ligand-1 (PSGL-1), a mucin-like glycoprotein, has recently been found to 

 restrict HIV-1 infectivity through virion incorporation that sterically 

 hinders virus particle attachment to target cells. Here, we report the 

 identification of a family of antiviral cellular proteins, named the 

 Surface-Hinged, Rigidly-Extended Killer (SHREK) family of virion 

 inactivators (PSGL-1, CD43, TIM-1, CD34, PODXL1, PODXL2, CD164, MUC1, 

 MUC4, and TMEM123) that share similar structural characteristics with 

 PSGL-1. We demonstrate that SHREK proteins block HIV-1 infectivity by 

 inhibiting virus particle attachment to target cells. In addition, we 

 demonstrate that SHREK proteins are broad-spectrum host antiviral 

 factors that block the infection of diverse viruses such as influenza A. 

 Furthermore, we demonstrate that a subset of SHREKs also blocks the 

 infectivity of a hybrid alphavirus-SARS-CoV-2 (Ha-CoV-2) pseudovirus. 

 These results suggest that SHREK proteins may be a part of host innate 

 immunity against enveloped viruses.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000639652000012,

title = {An Attack Vector Taxonomy for Mobile Telephony Security Vulnerabilities},

author = {Matthew Lanoue and Chad A Bollmann and James Bret Michael and John Roth and Duminda Wijesekera},

doi = {10.1109/MC.2021.3057059},

issn = {0018-9162},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-01},

journal = {COMPUTER},

volume = {54},

number = {4},

pages = {76-84},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000634866100002,

title = {Analytics with digital-twinning: A decision support system for 

 maintaining a resilient port},

author = {Chenhao Zhou and Jie Xu and Elise Miller-Hooks and Weiwen Zhou and Chun-Hung Chen and Loo Hay Lee and Ek Peng Chew and Haobin Li},

doi = {10.1016/j.dss.2021.113496},

issn = {0167-9236},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-01},

journal = {DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS},

volume = {143},

abstract = {In this paper, a Decision Support System (DSS) with digital 

 twinning-based resilience analysis is proposed as a modern tool for port 

 resilience computation and updating. The proposed DSS assesses the 

 resilience of a port under possible disruptive events given its design, 

 operations and potential pre-defined post-event recovery actions to 

 mitigate the impact of the disruption. Digital twinning provides the 

 fidelity required to realistically predict port performance with taken 

 post-event recovery actions under various possible disruptive events. In 

 addition to hedging against impacts from probabilistically known 

 disruption events, this approach also enables inclusion of ordinary 

 operational uncertainties within the resilience evaluation. This is not 

 generally feasible with other existing resilience quantification 

 approaches. To tackle computational challenges of applying a digital 

 twin for real-world size applications, an optimal computing budget 

 allocation policy is adopted to improve computational efficiency. 

 Results of numerical experiments using a real-world size port 

 demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed DSS and criticality of 

 accounting for ordinary uncertainties in operations in resilience 

 estimation.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000590007300001,

title = {Data-driven distributionally robust chance-constrained optimization with 

 Wasserstein metric},

author = {Ran Ji and Miguel A Lejeune},

doi = {10.1007/s10898-020-00966-0, Early Access Date = NOV 2020},

issn = {0925-5001},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-01},

journal = {JOURNAL OF GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION},

volume = {79},

number = {4},

pages = {779-811},

abstract = {We study distributionally robust chance-constrained programming (DRCCP) 

 optimization problems with data-driven Wasserstein ambiguity sets. The 

 proposed algorithmic and reformulation framework applies to all types of 

 distributionally robust chance-constrained optimization problems 

 subjected to individual as well as joint chance constraints, with random 

 right-hand side and technology vector, and under two types of 

 uncertainties, called uncertain probabilities and continuum of 

 realizations. For the uncertain probabilities (UP) case, we provide new 

 mixed-integer linear programming reformulations for DRCCP problems. For 

 the continuum of realizations case with random right-hand side, we 

 propose an exact mixed-integer second-order cone programming (MISOCP) 

 reformulation and a linear programming (LP) outer approximation. For the 

 continuum of realizations (CR) case with random technology vector, we 

 propose two MISOCP and LP outer approximations. We show that all 

 proposed relaxations become exact reformulations when the decision 

 variables are binary or bounded general integers. For DRCCP with 

 individual chance constraint and random right-hand side under both the 

 UP and CR cases, we also propose linear programming reformulations which 

 need the ex-ante derivation of the worst-case value-at-risk via the 

 solution of a finite series of linear programs determined via a 

 bisection-type procedure. We evaluate the scalability and tightness of 

 the proposed MISOCP and (MI)LP formulations on a distributionally robust 

 chance-constrained knapsack problem.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000639785800002,

title = {Coastal Wetlands Exposure to Storm Surge and Waves in the 

 Albemarle-Pamlico Estuarine System during Extreme Events},

author = {Felicio Cassalho and Tyler W Miesse and Andre S de Lima and Arslaan Khalid and Celso M Ferreira and Ariana E Sutton-Grier},

doi = {10.1007/s13157-021-01443-4},

issn = {0277-5212},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-01},

journal = {WETLANDS},

volume = {41},

number = {4},

abstract = {Coastal wetlands provide a series of ecosystem services, including flood 

 risk reduction. However, the flood risk reduction from such a complex 

 ecosystem is dependent on incoming extreme hurricane-driven hydrodynamic 

 and wave conditions. This study develops a numerical modeling-based 

 approach for investigating coastal wetlands exposure to storm surge and 

 waves during hurricanes by combining maximum water depth (MWD) and 

 significant wave height (MHs) model outputs with the National Wetland 

 Inventory for the Albemarle-Pamlico Estuarine System. Results show that 

 various hurricanes lead to similar bimodal and bidirectional 

 spatiotemporal flood patterns as a function of the lagoon's geometry and 

 storm track, with most overland hydrodynamic extremes impacting western 

 Pamlico Sound and the bayside-Outer Banks. Clear positive dependency 

 between MWD and MHS were observed over most wetland classes, with 

 significantly higher magnitudes over estuarine emergent vegetation. In 

 contrast to MWD, sharp MHS attenuation was found as the water propagates 

 inland, leading to high MWD but lower MHS eventually reaching palustrine 

 woody vegetation hundreds of meters away from the coastline. Improved 

 understanding of how storm surge dynamics move across the bays and 

 through the different wetland types, demonstrates the importance of 

 considering the bay-side flood impacts over the coastal vegetation. The 

 spatially distributed MWD and MHS estimates, along with the temporal 

 patterns identified through the use of the T-Max, allow coastal managers 

 and engineers to better understand where, when, and by how much, the 

 estuarine APES wetlands are more likely to be exposed to high water 

 depths and waves.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000644671400001,

title = {Deriving Non-Cloud Contaminated Sentinel-2 Images with RGB and 

 Near-Infrared Bands from Sentinel-1 Images Based on a Conditional 

 Generative Adversarial Network},

author = {Quan Xiong and Liping Di and Quanlong Feng and Diyou Liu and Wei Liu and Xuli Zan and Lin Zhang and Dehai Zhu and Zhe Liu and Xiaochuang Yao and Xiaodong Zhang},

doi = {10.3390/rs13081512},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-01},

journal = {REMOTE SENSING},

volume = {13},

number = {8},

abstract = {Sentinel-2 images have been widely used in studying land surface 

 phenomena and processes, but they inevitably suffer from cloud 

 contamination. To solve this critical optical data availability issue, 

 it is ideal to fuse Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 images to create fused, 

 cloud-free Sentinel-2-like images for facilitating land surface 

 applications. In this paper, we propose a new data fusion model, the 

 Multi-channels Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (MCcGAN), 

 based on the conditional generative adversarial network, which is able 

 to convert images from Domain A to Domain B. With the model, we were 

 able to generate fused, cloud-free Sentinel-2-like images for a target 

 date by using a pair of reference Sentinel-1/Sentinel-2 images and 

 target-date Sentinel-1 images as inputs. In order to demonstrate the 

 superiority of our method, we also compared it with other 

 state-of-the-art methods using the same data. To make the evaluation 

 more objective and reliable, we calculated the root-mean-square-error 

 (RSME), R2, Kling-Gupta efficiency (KGE), structural similarity index 

 (SSIM), spectral angle mapper (SAM), and peak signal-to-noise ratio 

 (PSNR) of the simulated Sentinel-2 images generated by different 

 methods. The results show that the simulated Sentinel-2 images generated 

 by the MCcGAN have a higher quality and accuracy than those produced via 

 the previous methods.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000632498400011,

title = {Language access in emergency and disaster preparedness: An assessment of 

 local government ? whole community ? efforts in the United States},

author = {Tianyi Xiang and Brian J Gerber and Fengxiu Zhang},

doi = {10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102072},

issn = {2212-4209},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION},

volume = {55},

abstract = {In 2011, the United States Federal Emergency Management Agency 

 enunciated a ?whole community? strategic approach to emergency and 

 disaster preparedness. Central to this approach is inclusion of the 

 interests and concerns of all residents of a jurisdiction, including 

 those with heightened vulnerabilities. However, relatively few studies 

 have investigated how subnational governments have translated those 

 federally-identified principles of access and inclusion into practice. 

 Here, we ask: what is the current state of local government performance 

 on language access, what might explain it, and what are its 

 implications? While limited English proficiency (LEP) is both a key 

 vulnerability indicator and important to emergency preparedness and 

 operations, it is seldom studied systematically. We investigate how 

 language accessibility is addressed in two distinct elements of 

 community preparedness: emergency operations plans (EOPs) and household 

 emergency preparedness guides (HPGs). Using a sample of 110 U S. 

 counties, we find somewhat positive performance: nearly half the 

 counties score high on language access in their EOPs, and two-thirds 

 acknowledge the issue. Local HPGs are moderately language accessible. 

 But our analysis also indicates that underlying demand (proportion LEP 

 residents, community hazards profiles) does not correspond to specific 

 efforts. Rather, other aspects of local administrative capacity might 

 drive performance variation. Taken together, this suggests a policy 

 challenge: emergency preparedness on language access remains relatively 

 variable across U.S. communities and might depend primarily on local 

 capacity and commitment. The findings imply uniform adoption of whole 

 community principles in emergency preparedness actions across the U.S. 

 is unlikely to occur reflexively.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000628985900082,

title = {Fake Document Generation for Cyber Deception by Manipulating Text 

 Comprehensibility},

author = {Prakruthi Karuna and Hemant Purohit and Sushil Jajodia and Rajesh Ganesan and Ozlem Uzuner},

doi = {10.1109/JSYST.2020.2980177},

issn = {1932-8184},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

journal = {IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL},

volume = {15},

number = {1},

pages = {835-845},

abstract = {Advanced cyber attackers can penetrate enterprise networks and steal 

 critical documents containing intellectual property despite all access 

 control measures. Cyber deception is one of many solutions to protect 

 critical documents after an attacker penetrates the network. It requires 

 the generation and deployment of decoys such as fake text. The 

 comprehensibility of a fake text document can affect the required time 

 and effort for an attack to succeed. However, existing cybersecurity 

 research has given limited attention to exploring the comprehensibility 

 features of text for fake document generation. This article presents a 

 novel method to generate believable fake text documents by measuring and 

 manipulating the comprehensibility of legit text within a genetic 

 algorithm (GA) framework. For measuring text comprehensibility, we adopt 

 a set of quantitative measures based on qualitative principles of 

 psycholinguistics and reading comprehension: connectivity, dispersion, 

 and sequentiality. Our user-study analysis indicates that the 

 quantitative comprehensibility measures can approximate the degree of 

 human effort required to comprehend a fake text document in contrast to 

 a legit text. For manipulating text comprehensibility, we develop a 

 multiobjective, multimutation GA that modifies a legit document to 

 Pareto-optimally alter its comprehensibility measures and generate 

 hard-to-comprehend, believable fake documents. Our experiments show that 

 the proposed algorithm successfully generates fake documents for a 

 broader class of legit documents with varied text characteristics when 

 compared to baselines from previous research. Hence, the application of 

 our method can help improve cyber deception systems by providing more 

 believable yet hard-to-comprehend fake documents to mislead cyber 

 attackers.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000646900400006,

title = {When the Bad Is Good and the Good Is Bad: Understanding Cyber Social 

 Health Through Online Behavioral Change: Part 2},

author = {Ugur Kursuncu and Hemant Purohit and Nitin Agarwal and Amit Sheth},

doi = {10.1109/MIC.2021.3059262},

issn = {1089-7801},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

journal = {IEEE INTERNET COMPUTING},

volume = {25},

number = {2},

pages = {46-47},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000651961600001,

title = {Data Assimilation of Terrestrial Water Storage Observations to Estimate 

 Precipitation Fluxes: A Synthetic Experiment},

author = {Manuela Girotto and Rolf Reichle and Matthew Rodell and Viviana Maggioni},

doi = {10.3390/rs13061223},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

journal = {REMOTE SENSING},

volume = {13},

number = {6},

abstract = {The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission and its 

 Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission provide unprecedented observations of 

 terrestrial water storage (TWS) dynamics at basin to continental scales. 

 Established GRACE data assimilation techniques directly adjust the 

 simulated water storage components to improve the estimation of 

 groundwater, streamflow, and snow water equivalent. Such techniques 

 artificially add/subtract water to/from prognostic variables, thus 

 upsetting the simulated water balance. To overcome this limitation, we 

 propose and test an alternative assimilation scheme in which 

 precipitation fluxes are adjusted to achieve the desired changes in 

 simulated TWS. Using a synthetic data assimilation experiment, we show 

 that the scheme improves performance skill in precipitation estimates in 

 general, but that it is more robust for snowfall than for rainfall, and 

 it fails in certain regions with strong horizontal gradients in 

 precipitation. The results demonstrate that assimilation of TWS 

 observations can help correct (adjust) the model's precipitation forcing 

 and, in turn, enhance model estimates of TWS, snow mass, soil moisture, 

 runoff, and evaporation. A key limitation of the approach is the 

 assumption that all errors in TWS originate from errors in 

 precipitation. Nevertheless, the proposed approach produces more 

 consistent improvements in simulated runoff than the established GRACE 

 data assimilation techniques.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000515276800001,

title = {The impact of symbolic boundaries on perceptions of relations between 

 Japan and South Korea},

author = {Karina V Korostelina and Yuji Uesugi},

doi = {10.1080/14608944.2020.1723513, Early Access Date = FEB 2020},

issn = {1460-8944},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

journal = {NATIONAL IDENTITIES},

volume = {23},

number = {2},

pages = {185-204},

abstract = {This paper argues the perceptions of relations between two nations 

 involve not only the institutionalized national-boundary but also the 

 perspectives of multiple symbolic boundaries. Based on a qualitative 

 study, this paper aims to explain how different symbolic boundaries 

 impact Japanese experts' perception of interrelations between Japan and 

 the Republic of Korea (South Korea). The paper includes an analysis of 

 opinion surveys, 20 semi-structured interviews with experts, and three 

 focus group interviews with university students of Peace Studies 

 Departments conducted throughout June and July of 2018 in Tokyo, Japan. 

 These results advance existing scholarship by showing that Japanese 

 experts use the following four symbolic boundaries to comprehend 

 relations between Japan and South Korea: boundaries between (1) victims 

 and perpetrators; (2) `the West' and the Asian cultural and political 

 space; (3) nationalistic and peaceful countries; and (4) a state and 

 people.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ISI:000641589600052,

title = {Towards hyper-resolution land-surface modeling of surface and root zone 

 soil moisture},

author = {Tasnuva Rouf and Viviana Maggioni and Yiwen Mei and Paul Houser},

doi = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125945},

issn = {0022-1694},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

journal = {JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY},

volume = {594},

abstract = {The goal of this work is to estimate surface and root zone soil moisture 

 at resolutions that are useful for decision making and water resources 

 management. A 500-m atmospheric forcing dataset is developed from the 

 12.5-km NLDAS-2 (North America Land Data Assimilation System) products 

 across Oklahoma, where high-quality observations are available for 

 validation purposes. A land surface model is then forced with three 

 combinations of input variables to simulate surface and root zone soil 

 moisture: 1) NLDAS-2 atmospheric forcings at their original resolution; 

 2) downscaled NLDAS-2 atmospheric variables (i.e., near-surface air 

 temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction, incident longwave 

 and shortwave radiation, pressure) and original resolution NLDAS-2 

 precipitation; and 3) downscaled NLDAS-2 atmospheric variables and 

 precipitation. Results show that the third simulation is able to bring 

 modeled standard-normal deviates of both surface and root zone soil 

 moisture closer to in-situ observations, whereas the second simulation 

 only shows slight improvements with respect to one forced with original 

 resolution NLDAS-2 data. This is particularly evident for negative 

 values of standard-normal deviates, which correspond to drier than usual 

 cases, due to the improved ability of the downscaled precipitation to 

 detect missed events and no-rain cases. In summary, finer resolution 

 forcings have the potential to improve simulations of soil moisture and 

 the resolution of precipitation plays a critical role in improving time 

 series of soil moisture standard-normal deviates.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}